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標題: First In First Out (FIFO) [打印本頁]

作者: pericles    時間: 2014-3-17 12:47     標題: First In First Out (FIFO)

First In First Out (FIFO) - Materials and Inventory Costing Method

Learning Objectives:

Define and explain FIFO method.
Give an example of FIFO method
What are advantages and disadvantages of fist in first out (FIFO) costing method?
Definition and Explanation of FIFO Method
Advantages of First in First out-FIFO-Costing Method
Example of FIFO Method
Disadvantages or Limitations of FIFO Costing Method
Definition and Explanation:

The first in first out (FIFO) method of costing is used to introduce the subject of materials costing. The FIFO method of costing issued materials follows the principle that materials used should carry the actual experienced cost of the specific units used. The methods assumes that materials are issued from the oldest supply in stock and that the cost of those units when placed in stock is the cost of those same units when issued. However, FIFO costing may be used even though physical withdrawal is in a different order.

Advantages of First in First out (FIFO) Costing Method:

Advantages claimed for first in first (FIFO) out costing method are:

Materials used are drawn from the cost record in a logical and systematic manner.
Movement of materials in a continuous, orderly, single file manner represents a condition necessary to and consistent with efficient materials control, particularly for materials subject to deterioration, decay and quality are style changes.
FIFO method is recommended whenever:

The size and cost of units are large.
Materials are easily identified as belonging to a particular purchased lot.
Not more than two or three different receipts of the materials are on a materials card at one time.
Example:

This example is based on the following transactions:

February
(1)Beginning balance: 800 units @ $6 per unit.
(4)Received 200 units @ $7 per unit.
(10)Received 200 units @ $8 per unit.
(11)Issued 800 units.
(12)Received 400 units @ $8 per unit.
(20)Issued 500 units.
(25)Returned 100 excess units from the factory to the storeroom to be recorded at the latest issued price.
(28)Received 600 units @ $9 per unit.
Calculation for the above transactions would be as follows:

FIFO Costing Method

February:
01. Beginning balance                 800 units @ $6        $4,800       
04. Received                         200 units @ $7         $1,400         
10. Received                         200 units @ $8         $1,600         $7,800
11. Issued                                 800 units @ $6                          $4,800
                    Balance           200 units @ $7         $1,400         
                                         200 units @ $8         $1,600         $3,000
12. Received                         400 units @ $8         $3,200         $6,200
20. Issued                                 200 units @ $7        $1,400       
                                         300 units @ $8        $2,400        $3,800
                    Balance           300 units @ $8         $2,400         
25. Returned to storeroom         100 units @ $8         $800         
28. Received                         600 units @ $9         $5,400         8,600
                    Balance           400 units @ $8         $3,200       
                                         600 units @ $9         $5,400         $8,600

Disadvantages or Limitations of FIFO Method

FIFO method is definitely awkward if frequent purchases are made at different prices and if units from several purchases are on hand at the same time. Added costing difficulties arise when returns to vendors or to the storeroom occur.


http://www.accounting4management ... terials_costing.htm








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